还记得我们在科幻片里看到的，未来的大都市，超高的大楼到处耸立，未来的交通都是立体化的，地上有开的车子，天上也有飞的车子（磁悬浮或者喷气驱动），然而没想到这一天可能在2020年就能成真。最近国外资本热炒的已经不是见惯不怪的特斯拉等电动汽车，而是能在空中“行驶”的飞行汽车。

Remember what we saw in the science fiction movies, the future metropolis, the super tall buildings stand up and up, the future traffic is stereoscopic, the car on the ground, the flying car in the sky (magnetic levitation or jet drive), but it is not expected that this day may come true in 2020. Recently, the foreign capital has been no longer a hot car, but a flying car that can travel in the air.

飞行汽车是什么？飞行汽车的原理

What is a flying car? The principle of a flying car

跟我们在科幻片里看到的飞行汽车不同，在电影里不受科技限制的想象力能让小型汽车用上喷气式发动机，甚至是什么反重力引擎。但即将于2-3年后正式上市，并且向民用市场售卖的飞行汽车，无一例外用的还是螺旋桨高速旋转提供升力的飞行原理。这种飞行方式跟直升机差不多，然而，如果你要最贴切的比喻，更应该把即将步入寻常百姓家庭的飞行汽车归类到超大型无人机的范畴里去。

Unlike the flying cars we see in science fiction films, the imagination of unrestricted technology in movies allows small cars to use a jet engine, or even a anti gravity engine. But the flying car, which is about to be officially listed in 2-3 years and sold to the civil market, is to use the principle of the high speed rotation of the propeller to provide the lift. This flight is similar to the helicopter, however, if you want the most appropriate metaphor, you should classify the flying cars that are going into the ordinary people's families in the category of super large UAVs.

其实，随着人口数量的增加，世界各大城市都不约而同面临越来越严重的交通拥堵问题。而这一问题归根结底是因为现有的城市交通网络都是平面化的，我们的汽车只能行驶在路面上，哪怕是出现立交桥这样的立体式交通，抛开桥墩对地面交通的影响，高架桥通车量撑死了也就是1+1=2。除非你可以在立交桥上再建无数道立交桥，这样才有可能真正解决城市拥堵问题。那，如果汽车可以飞在天上呢，我们按照不同高度来规划成不同的车道，这样一来，就等于拥有无数道立交桥上的立交桥，能瞬间解决城市交通拥挤的问题。

In fact, with the increase of population, all the major cities in the world are faced with more and more serious traffic jams. And this problem is in the final analysis because the existing urban traffic network is flat, our cars can only travel on the road, even if there is a cross bridge such as the three-dimensional traffic, the impact of the pier on the ground traffic, the overhead of the viaduct is 1+1 =2. Unless you can build countless flyovers on the flyover, this will really solve the problem of urban congestion. Well, if the car can fly in the sky, we plan different lanes according to different heights, so that it is equal to the overpass on a number of overpasses that can instantly solve the problem of urban traffic congestion.

就当今科技来说，能飞的汽车制造起来还不是最大的困难，最大的困难在于飞行汽车的驾驶问题。这样说吧，如果把飞行汽车归类为航空飞行器，那是需要航空管制并且需要严格的飞行驾照，那可不是普通人花个几千块就能考取的汽车驾照，那是要花好几万，而且对驾驶员身体素质有严格要求的，但这样一来基本上把大多数普通百姓都拒之了门外。而如果把飞行汽车归类为汽车，划分给交通局管只需要考取驾照，你想想啊，汽车飞在天上，一旦半空中失控撞到什么建筑物，又或是汽车突然出了什么问题掉了下来，那可不是简单的一起车祸，谁也担不起这个责任。所以，飞行汽车虽然在制造上已经有成熟的技术，但普及进度一直很缓慢，直到...

For today's technology, it is not the biggest difficulty to make flying cars. The biggest difficulty is the driving problem of flying cars. In that case, if the flying car is classified as an aerocraft, it needs air control and requires a strict flight license, which is not a car driver's license for thousands of blocks. It will cost tens of thousands, and the driver's physical quality is strictly required. The ordinary people were out of the door. If the flight car is classified as a car, it is divided to the traffic bureau to take the driver's license, you think, the car is flying in the sky, once the half air is out of control into what building, or the car suddenly out of the problem fell down, that is not a simple accident, no one can afford the responsibility. So, although flying cars already have mature technology in manufacturing, the progress of popularization has been very slow until...

这两三年，小型无人机领域因为有大疆这样的巨头还有NVIDIA等人工智能技术与芯片公司的加入，得到了超高速的发展。从最开始的“遥控飞机”，到现在完全可以自主飞行，自主补偿。从刚开始了解无人机时还常听人说炸机现在基本已经没人再提起了，除非你玩的是好几年前几乎全人工操纵的旧款。可以那么说，除非你是硬要把无人机用遥控器推到什么地方去而发生意外，最新款的无人机基本没有发生意外碰撞或炸机的可能，因为无人机现在拥有先进的GPS+距离检测系统，同时超高速的计算机加人工智能能即时纠正机体形态。于是乎，聪明的人们从原先的如何把飞机做到像汽车般大小的思考方向改为如何把无人机改到可以坐人的尺寸，飞行汽车立刻得到了迅猛的发展。

In these two or three years, the small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been developed in ultra high speed because of the giant of Xinjiang and the addition of NVIDIA and other artificial intelligence technology and chip company. From the very beginning, the "remote control aircraft" has been able to fly autonomously and compensate independently. From the beginning of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), it is often heard that the frying machine is now basically no longer mentioned, unless you are playing the old, almost entirely manual operation a few years ago. It can be said that unless you are trying to push the UAV with a remote control to where to go, the latest unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has no chance of accidental collision or frying, because the UAV now has an advanced GPS+ distance testing system, and the ultra high speed computer and artificial intelligence can correct the body shape immediately. State. So the smart people changed from the original thinking direction of how the aircraft was like the size of the car to how to change the UAV to the size of the man, and the flying car was rapidly developing.

当你解决了飞行汽车不是由人来驾驶后，确保飞行汽车能维持在一个绝对稳定的高度（飞行公路）就仅仅是一个程序参数，由程序控制交给飞行汽车上的计算机再由计算机控制螺旋桨升力便可。如果担心人随便开或者出现意外时飞行汽车在空中撞到什么建筑物，现代加入了多种摄像头及激光距离探测技术的人工智能无人机（7000多的大疆），已经能基本杜绝这一情况的发生。甚至它能严格按你设计的空中通路飞行，通过GPS严格控制即便你手动驾驶也根本飞不出去。我们甚至可以这样认为，它的安全性甚至要比现在由人驾驶的汽车还要高多了。

When you have resolved that a flying car is not driven by a person, it is only a program parameter to ensure that the flying car can be maintained at an absolutely stable height (the flight Road). The computer is controlled by the program to the computer on the flying car and then the propeller lift is controlled by the computer. If you worry about what a building is hit by a vehicle in the air when an accident is accidental or accidental, the modern artificial intelligence UAV (more than 7000 of Xinjiang), which has a variety of cameras and laser distance detection techniques, has basically eliminated this situation. Even it can fly in strict accordance with your design of air passage, strictly controlled by GPS, even if you manually drive, it can't fly at all. We can even say that it is much safer than people driving nowadays.

那现阶段飞行汽车面临的真正问题是什么？来自于以锂电池为供电的动力体系，一方面，如果你想飞行时间更长，就必须增加锂电池的数量，而锂电池的数量增加，又肯定加大了飞行汽车的载荷从而对螺旋桨的翼展有更高的要求或者飞行续航时间有所抑制。当下已有不少公司在飞行汽车开发上有相当大的进展，并且有一些即将在19年或者2020年正式上市了。

What is the real problem facing flying cars at this stage? From a power system powered by lithium batteries, on the one hand, if you want to fly longer, you have to increase the number of lithium batteries, and the number of lithium batteries increases, and it is sure to increase the load of the flying car, which has a higher requirement for the airfoil of the propeller, or the flight duration is restrained. At present, many companies have made considerable progress in the development of flying cars, and some will be officially listed in 19 or 2020.

即将上市的飞行汽车品牌

The forthcoming flying car brand

Rolls-Royce（劳斯莱斯）EVTOL

Rolls-Royce (Rolls-Royce) EVTOL

劳斯莱斯这个品牌相信不用我们多介绍了吧，这个曾经为德国二战开发战斗机引擎的豪华汽车品牌最近也加入到飞行汽车的战团，他们拿出手的产品名为EVTOL，这台飞行汽车的设计上更接近于传统飞机，采用往主机翼上添加4台螺旋桨，该机翼在起飞时可以转成垂直，从而提供起飞升力。当起飞到一定高度时主机翼会重新调成水平并收起四个螺旋桨降低阻力，而此时前进的动力仅由尾翼后部的螺旋桨完成。

The Rolls-Royce brand believes that the luxury car brand, once developed for the German World War II fighter engine, has recently joined the flying car group, whose product is called EVTOL, which is designed to be closer to the aircraft, adding 4 to the main wing. Propeller, the wing can be turned vertically when it takes off, thus providing take-off lift. When it takes off to a certain height, the wing of the host will be retuned to the level and take up four propellers to reduce the resistance, and the driving force is done only by the propeller behind the rear of the tail.

EVTOL其实是“电力垂直起降”名词的缩写，但其实EVTOL是油电混动的，就目前来讲汽油仍然是飞行器最高效费比的动力来源，EVTOL通过一台劳斯莱斯自家的M250燃气涡轮引擎推动发电机，再有电池给直流电机供电。通过此种方式，EVTOL只需要几分钟加油，即可完成下一次飞行，而纯电池驱动的飞行汽车暂时因为技术限制无法做到这样的连续飞行。EVTOL一次加油可以飞行500千米，最大时速是250公里每小时，最大可载四个成年人。目前，EVTOL还仅存于图纸和电脑上，但由于劳斯莱斯公司拥有整个产品完整的技术链，因此按公司宣称的2020年就可以升空应该是没有问题。

EVTOL is actually the abbreviation of the term "power vertical takeoff and landing", but in fact, EVTOL is a mixture of oil and electricity. At present, gasoline is still the power source of the highest efficiency and cost of the aircraft. EVTOL drives the generator through a Rolls-Royce's own M250 gas turbine engine, and then has the battery power supply to the DC motor. In this way, EVTOL takes only a few minutes of refueling to complete the next flight, and the battery - driven vehicle is temporarily unable to do such a continuous flight because of technical restrictions. EVTOL refuels can fly 500 kilometers, the maximum speed is 250 kilometers per hour, the maximum can carry four adults. At present, EVTOL is still on the drawings and computers, but because Rolls-Royce has a complete technology chain of the whole product, it should be no problem to be able to be lifted in 2020 according to the company's claim.

Uber Air

说起Uber，大家应该会马上想起滴滴打车。当然现在Uber国内已经被滴滴收购，而在国外，Uber开始谋划更进一步的交通出行服务，那就是Uber Air，一种基于飞行汽车的城市出行计程车服务。Uber现正与NASA（美国国家航天局）合作，即将于2020年把这种飞行汽车叫车服务提供给美国大众。

Speaking of Uber, you should immediately think of a taxi. Of course, now Uber domestic has been bought by drop, and in foreign countries, Uber began to plan for further travel service, that is, Uber Air, a city trip taxi service based on flying cars. Uber is now working with NASA, the US National Space Agency, to provide the flying car service to the American public in 2020.

就现有Uber官方提供的Uber Air宣传影片来看，Uber Air飞行汽车其实也是类似于劳斯莱斯EVTOL的一种垂直起飞固定翼飞机，或许是基于这种机体的设计更成熟更容易推出市场，Uber Air也是靠主机翼上的螺旋桨在起飞时能改为垂直从而提供升力，而起飞后重新恢复水平从而提供前向推力的。但相对于EVTOL还不知道使用场景如何，Uber Air已经定好在一些固定的高层建筑设置Uber Skyport机场。在使用时仅需要像叫车服务那样通过手机预约并到达指定大楼，通过手机扫描确认后即可登记，并带用户前往目的地最近的Uber Skyport。

As far as the existing Uber official Uber Air propaganda film is, the Uber Air flying car is actually a vertical takeoff fixed wing aircraft similar to Rolls-Royce EVTOL, perhaps based on the design more mature and easier to launch the market, and Uber Air is also based on the propeller on the wing of the host wing to be changed to vertical at take-off. Lift is provided, and the level is restored after take-off to provide forward thrust. However, compared with EVTOL, we don't know how to use the scene. Uber Air has decided to set up Uber Skyport airport in some fixed high-rise buildings. In use, you only need to make a phone reservation and arrive at a designated building like a car call service, which can be registered after a cell phone scan, and take the user to the nearest Uber Skyport of the destination.

由于是空中飞行的方式，Uber Air能把洛杉矶不堵车也需要1.5小时的路程缩短为30分钟，就更别提堵车后可能无限延长的时间了。Uber Air可能是全球最先把飞行汽车运用在商业民用运输上的公司，因为他们已经跟迪拜，达拉斯和洛杉矶加入了试验城市，2020年铁定试运营。

Because of the air flight, the Uber Air can shorten the 1.5 - hour journey of Losangeles to 30 minutes, not to mention the possible extension of the traffic after the traffic. Uber Air may be the first company in the world to use flying cars in commercial and civil transport, because they have joined the test cities with Dubai, Dallas and Losangeles, and they are scheduled to run in 2020.

Volocopter

相较于上述两款均采用传统固定翼飞机布局，需要专业技师操纵的不同，Volocopter改用更接近于无人机的小型多旋翼原理。这家来自于德国的E-Volo公司最新产品VC200就是一架拥有18个螺旋桨并由电力推动的飞行汽车，它的设计可载两个成年男人，并以100公里每小时的速度持续飞行30分钟，最终他们希望VC200能在一次充电后实现以100小时每公里的速度持续飞行1小时以上。

Compared to the above two, the traditional fixed wing aircraft is used, which requires the different manipulating of professional technicians, and the Volocopter is adapted to the principle of small multi rotor which is closer to the UAV. The latest product from Germany's E-Volo company, VC200, is a flying car with 18 propellers and powered by electricity. It is designed to carry two adult men and fly for 30 minutes at a speed of 100 kilometers per hour. Eventually, they hope that VC200 will be able to achieve a 100 hour speed of 100 hours after a charge. Continue to fly for more than 1 hours.

由于Volocopter的设计理念更接近于一台超大无人机，在部分螺旋桨失去动力的情况下，VC200仍然可以平稳的降落到地面上，同时在狭窄场所灵活性要大大超越上述两款飞行汽车，因此并不需要特殊的起飞空港，甚至只要在自家花园就可以起飞与降落。VC200可能是更接近用户驾驶而不是由司机驾驶的飞行汽车。目前VC200已经在迪拜完成试飞，并在去年的CES上做了载人示范，相信最快19年就可正式投入市场。

Because the design idea of Volocopter is closer to a super large UAV, VC200 can still land smoothly on the ground when some of the propeller loses power, while the flexibility of the narrow space is much more than the above two flying cars, so it does not require a special takeoff airport, even at home. The garden can take off and land. VC200 may be closer to the user driving rather than the driver of the flying car. At present, VC200 has completed the test flight in Dubai and made a manned demonstration on last year's CES. It is believed that it will be officially put into the market in the fastest 19 years.

吉利飞行汽车

Geely flying car

2017年底，中国汽车生产厂商吉利正式收购了美国飞行汽车公司Terrafugia，Terrafugia公司由五位麻省理工学院学生于2006年创办，10多年来一直专注于飞行汽车的研发与制作，在吉利收购后，开发人员从原来的不足30人瞬间扩大到100人，并且吉利汽车董事长李书福也提到，吉利将于2019年推出首款飞行汽车，并将在2023年发布能垂直起降的飞行汽车。

At the end of 2017, Chinese automobile manufacturer Gili formally bought Terrafugia of the American flying car company, and Terrafugia was founded by five Massachusetts Institute of Technology students in 2006. For more than 10 years, it has been concentrating on the development and production of flying cars. After the acquisition of Geely, the developer expanded from less than 30 to 100. And Li Shufu, the chairman of the Geely car, also mentioned that Geely will launch the first flying car in 2019 and will launch a vertical takeoff and landing vehicle in 2023.

而吉利即将于2019年发布的首款飞行汽车产品，则是一款地面滑行起飞的混合动力飞行汽车。该车净重约300公斤，可载4个成年人，汽车公路行驶最高速度为120公里/小时，空中飞行最大时速为200公里/小时。目前测试样机长度约为6米，高度约2米，跟一台 传统大型SUV差不多，机翼为收缩折叠式，展开时最宽8米，收回后宽2米，完全符合当下的道路行驶要求，该飞行汽车初步定价为人民币300万。

The first flying car product released by Geely in 2019 is a ground powered take-off hybrid electric vehicle. The net weight of the vehicle is about 300 kilograms, which can carry 4 adults. The maximum speed of the vehicle road is 120 km / h, and the maximum speed of air flight is 200 km / h. At present, the test prototype is about 6 meters in length and about 2 meters high. It is similar to a traditional large SUV. The wing is contraction and folding, the width is 8 meters wide, and the width is 2 meters after recovery. It is completely in line with the current road requirements. The flight vehicle is initially priced at RMB 3 million.（文编译飞行汽车feiauto）www.feiauto.com

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